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What religion was Pakistan before Islam?

Prior to the rise of Islam, the people who lived in the region that now constitutes of Pakistan were not exactly of just one religion. The two religions that were probably most common were Buddhism and Hinduism.

It seems that in Western Pakistan, Buddhism seems to have been more dominant. Though Hinduism was still present in the region in large numbers.

One of many Buddhist artifacts from Western Pakistan

In Eastern Pakistan, Hinduism seems to have been clearly the dominant religion. However, it was not the only religion present. Buddhism was also present, as evident by the Buddhist Rao Dynasty of Sindh.

One of the many ancient Hindu temples in Eastern Pakistan

The religion in the northern regions of Pakistan would vary. Some parts seem to have a greater influence of Buddhism and others an ancient form of Hinduism mixed with Animism.

Evidence of Buddhism in Gilgit

The Kalash people still follow a form of ancient Hinduism.

Other religions that may have been present are animism, local paganism, shamanism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Judaism. However, these religions would not have been as common.

Since the majority of the population of Pakistan lives in Eastern Pakistan, it is safe to assume that the majority of people (60–70%) in the region used to believe in Hinduism.


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